Exploração do banco de dados em um sistema SCADA de pequenas centrais hidrelétricas

Abstract

A Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system is supervisory software that provides remote monitoring and control of machines and equipment in real time in different types of environments, whether industrial, commercial, public or private. As an example, electrical networks, sanitation services, manufacturing process, among others. The rapid spread and acceptance of SCADA systems by corporations has ultimately changed the way companies and their human resources interact with production processes. Nowadays, through a web interface accessed, for example, through a smartphone, it is possible to follow and intervene on the industrial process, remotely. In addition to providing convenient and efficient process management, a SCADA also proves decisive for increasing corporate productivity, cost reduction, the ability to act on critical processes that endanger human life, and countless other advantages. A central aspect of a SCADA system is its ability to integrate hardware and software into a single application through a communication protocol. From this context emerges another relevant aspect, which is the ability of the SCADA to collect data remotely. The collected data, of course, need to be saved so that they can be used later, either in decision making or for statistical information. The structure of the SCADA that stores this data is the Database, which in general is coupled natively together with the software. Although it serves its basic purpose, storing data, often the base attached to a SCADA is not exploited in its entirety. In fact, the professional profile that normally interacts with this type of system is concentrated in engineering, electrical, automation, mechanics, etc. Such professionals generally do not master certain fundamentals of Computer Science, nor the tools available for purposes such as advanced data manipulation. This work is inserted in this context and aims to show that the internal implementations of a SCADA can be improved through the exploitation of its Database. For this study, a real SCADA will be used, which monitors and controls the Small Hydroelectric Plant (SHP) process. Alerts / Alarms will be developed to be triggered according to predefined actions, such as stopping certain equipment, due to some problem or defect detected by the process monitoring, etc. Reports will also be implemented using an external data processing tool, PENTAHO, which will be connected to the SCADA Database Manager System (DBMS). The advantages, implications, and differences in how these procedures are done in practice will be discussed.