Eugenol microencapsulado em carragena combinada com proteínas do leite, do farelo de arroz e albumina sérica bovina por atomização

Abstract

Eugenol is a natural phenolic compound with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and its use as substitute the synthetic additives in food has been suggested. However, due eugenol instability to extern agents (light, oxygen and hot), its use in food processing has been hampered. Therefore, microencapsulation is a viable alternative for your application. The aims of this work were evaluate the effect of variation of operating conditions of spray drying (inlet air temperature and feed flow rate) in obtainment eugenol microencapsulated in carrageenan, and study the influence of combination of carrageenan and protein from rice bran protein, bovine serum albumin and, whey protein with low lactose content in the eugenol microencapsulation. Composite Central Desing (CCD) of type 22 with two independent variables (inlet air temperature, and feed flow rate), three key points and four axial points, were developed to assess the operational conditions of spray dryer. Eugenol quantification, recovery (% ER) and encapsulation efficiency (EE%) of process were evaluated by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and morphology by optical microscopy. In the second stage of the study, the influence of the use of carrageenan in combination with rice bran protein, bovine serum albumin and whey protein with low lactose content was evaluated by simplex-centroid desing. Microcapsules were characterizated by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) (ER and EE%), thermogravimetric analysis coupled to the infrared spectrophotometry, and morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the CCD, the maximum ER% value was 12% and the operating conditions studied did not influence significantly (p > 0.05). EE% varied from 18.0 to 84.8% and the quadratic term to feed flow rate presented significant influence (p ≤ 0.05) in the evaluated answer. In the simplex-centroid mixture desing the ER% average of microcapsules ranged from 37.9 to 104.5% and EE% 0.0 to 79.4%, being that both responses were influenced (p ≤ 0.05%) by encapsulating agents of formulation. Bovine serum albumin presented good stabilizing property of suspension (ER% = 86.5) and in combination with rice bran protein resulted greater EE% (79.4). Microcapsules exhibited a average diameter range from 3.4 to 4.6 µm and the microcapsules morphology produced combination with the bovine serum albumin and protein rice bran showed surface with absence no cracks or deformation. Thermal and FTIR analysis confirmed the encapsulation efficiency of the process, observed a possible interaction between the encapsulating agents and eugenol.