Avaliação da contaminação de Poecilia reticulata e Hypostomus ancistroides por elementos-traço na Bacia do Ribeirão Cafezal (Município de Rolândia - PR)

Abstract

Some trace elements are considered essential for the development and maintenance of living organisms. However, if those trace elements are ingested in higher concentrations than recommended can be toxic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of contamination for two abundant species of fish from Ribeirão Cafezal (Poecilia reticulata and Hypostomus ancistroides) with Zn, Cd, Cr and Pb elements. The fish collection was performed at three points along the upper stretch of the basin of Ribeirão Cafezal using electric and manual fishing methods, with sampling effort of 40 minutes for each method. In order to detect the trace elements in the collected material, the samples were properly prepared to the Inductively Coupled Plasma by Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The concentrations presented by the species Poecilia reticulata in the two first points of the stream were: Zn (107.63; 91.89 mg / kg), Cd (0.12, 0.42 mg / kg), Cr (2.17; 4.96 mg / kg) and Pb (0.71, 0.44 mg / kg), sampled in 1 and 2 respectively. And individuals of Hypostomus ancistroides species sampled in points 2 and 3 had the following values: Zn (93.11; 76.97 mg / kg), Cd (2.22, 0.10 mg / kg), Cr (16.05; 2.23 mg / kg) and Pb (2.83; nd mg / kg). All values are higher than the limits allowed by ANVISA. There were no significant differences in the metals concentrations among the sampling points assessed. In consideration for Ribeirão Cafezal being a stream where people use water for recreation and feed on the existing fish, we need to continue monitoring it, as well as performing systematic analysis with different species of fish, sediment and water.