Estudo sobre a cadeia produtiva do biometano e seu uso em veículos no Brasil

Abstract

The intensive use of fossil fuels in Brazil, at the various sectors, has been causing many environmental problems, and the area of machinery and transportation has great participation in this scenario. Another worrying factor for the ecosystem is the production of manure by the intensive breeding of dairy animals, pork cattle, and laying hens. These factors together lead to discussion of the biomethane supply chain, renewable fuel with possible vehicular application, generated from the cleaning and purification of biogas from anaerobic digestion of the various types of organic matter. Thus, this research has the objective of exploring the supply chain of this renewable fuel, showing how is the current situation of the generation and use of biomethane in the country. In this work, the performance of the organizational and institutional environments are verified so that biomethane is considered as a viable fuel option for the national energy matrix, as well as the technologies involved, companies, institutions and organizations that work in this area and, finally, consumers who can use this fuel. Finally, the research highlights the environmental advantages of the production and use of biomethane, in addition to showing the experiences and studies developed in this context. It is concluded from this study that biomethane can be a promising fuel as long as it overcomes certain barriers, such as production scale, high costs, lack of national equipment and the low incentive of public policies. Therefore, more investments in research and development are needed to further develop the sector.