Geração distribuída de energia elétrica a partir da biomassa no Paraná: entraves para a conexão à rede de distribuição

Abstract

Brazil's commitments to sustainable policies, recently signed at the Convention on Climate Change in Paris in 2015, drive the country's energy transition: from fossil to cleaner energy sources, such as biomass. Particularly the State of Paraná has a national significant role in agriculture, with important potential of renewable energies sources, especially the biomass from sugar cane, forests and biogas from municipal waste and animal manure, as important niche to export bioelectricity to the National Grid. However, even though these circumstances lead to an increase of power distributed generation in the country, there are some potential obstacles – for technical, financial or regulatory reasons – to the grid connection of the producers. The present study aims to explore these obstacles at the point of connection, faced from biomass producers from the Sate of Paraná, with the local utility, and the consequent trade of the surplus energy, focusing on the requirements of quality of generated energy, demanded on standards. Some 'insertion boosters' of biomass from the state of Paraná, as alternative energy source to the diversification of the Brazilian energy matrix, are also here addressed, based on some actual examples of rural producers of different types of biomass in the state of Paraná. The result of this study showed that, even though the actual Brazilian standards impose some challenges, the technical obstacles detected on this research were not as significant as expected.