Resistência à tração de um plástico mole em contato com lixiviado de RSU ao longo do tempo

Abstract

The production of municipal solid waste (MSW) increases every day because of the association of a number of factors such as population growth, increased purchasing power, facility of access to consumer goods, etc. Consequently, the management and disposal have become a major problem to be faced where currently one of the main means of disposal of MSW is the landfill. Optimize its useful life due to ausence of suitable land for this purpose, especially in large urban centers, exigencies stricter controllers and regulators; it has become a major focus of both municipal and state managers. One way to improve the use of MSW disposal sites is increasing embankment height, but if not done properly can cause significant damage to the environment and society. The presence of materials with similar properties to existing fibers in the mass of solid waste such as plastics and textiles, promote an increase in mass of the shear strength of MSW landfill, but these materials are undergoing decomposition and changing its properties, consequently, may cause changes in shear strength over time. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the influence of the leachate on the tensile strength of the soft plastic and specific objectives to assess the width, distance between anchors and speed the resulting pulls, check for variation of pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, ammonia, nitrogen and total phosphorus present in the leachate over time and to assess the structure and the soft plastic components with and without immersion in the leachate. Plastics grocery bags, cut into 0.5 to 1.0 cm wide strips were used. These were in contact with leachate collected in a landfill in the metropolitan region of Curitiba-PR, and then were sub- jected to tensile tests, every fifteen days, varying the distance between the anchors (0 cm, 7cm and 21 cm ) and the test speed (1 mm.min-1 and 4 mm.min-1) .The study showed that the tests performed with a width of 1 cm resulted in those made with superior traction width of 0.5 cm. The distance between the anchors and speed of test interfere significantly in tensile values, and tests performed at a speed of 4 mm.min-1 resulted in superior traction. When taking into account the contact time was not possible to reach a definitive conclusion as contact time was relatively low. With the analysis of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were unable to verify that there is deposition of solids in the plastic strips and that there are different chemical components present in the solid aluminum, for example.