Análise de riscos da colheita florestal em relevo montanhoso

Abstract

The search for decreasing in production costs led forestry companies to seek ever cheaper lands to implement their activities. The use of areas with steep slopes comes with this demand. Among the forestry operations in mountainous terrain, forest harvesting is one of those that offer more risks to human health and that are enhanced by the relief factor. Light of the lack of studies and risk prevention in the forest crop, this study aims to analyze the risks of forest harvesting by overhead cables, tree length system in mountainous terrain for all partial movements and occupations involved in the cut (chainsaw) and forest extraction (cable car). An analysis of all movements of partial harvesting and occupations involved, based on the guidelines of the Brazilian regulation number 9 was performed. Were quantitatively measured noise and temperature, and the ergonomic factors were analyzed with the aid of photographs and Ergolândia 5.0 software for OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysis System) and RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) methods analisis. The other types of risks were determined based on the literature and information collected in the study area. This study concluded that the risk analysis by means of the partial motions for each class of occupation were sufficient to determine the risks involved in cutting and mountain forest extraction activities. The chainsaw operator was the occupation that offered greater risks in quantity and severity for these conditions. Among the evaluated partial movements, showed the highest risks were: tree cutting, cutting and rising carrier-car. Finally, the condition of mountainous terrain increased the amount and severity of the risks involved in this activity, which demonstrates the need for further risk analysis of forest harvesting for various conditions.