Produção de tijolos ecológicos com cinzas de caldeira e bagaço de malte

Abstract

During the growth of industrial production, besides the air and water pollution, the generation of waste has led to the accumulation of materials in the environment. Evolutionarily, the sustainable development appears as responsibility for the producers of these tailings, arousing the interest in the possibilities of reuse. In this way, the possibility of incorporating solid wastes from two very distinct industries, was developed, but they have the proper destination as a common problem, in ecological bricks. The cited brick consists of soil, cement and water, and, rudimentary as it may seem, has the advantages of manufacture simplicity and application in buildings. With the analysis of the collected materials and empirical methods to reach the ideal dosage of soil replacement by the available residues, specimens were manufactured according to known theories. They were produced in a manual press and cured with drinking water, and tests of resistance to compression and water absorption were carried out, based on their approval or disposal in accordance with Brazilian standards. The boiler ash, for its characteristics, represented a more interesting material being better explored; regarding to the normative requirements, the expected result was not obtained. The specimens may have undergone drastic changes in resistance due to granulometric differences of their elements, making it difficult to have a really homogeneous mixture or adequate compaction. There were also climatic and positioning influences at the time of the mechanical test. In this project it is proposed the use of some solid industrial wastes of great impact in the region. The studied region is located in Campos Gerais, more precisely in Ponta Grossa, the solid residues tested are boiler ash and malt marc, generated, respectively, in the timber industry and microbrewery.