Formação do pensamento científico durante o processo de alfabetização científica no ensino de teorias atômicas e elementos químicos

Abstract

This work has investigated the development of formative and productive dimension of Scientific Literacy (SL) in Chemistry Teaching by implementing of a Teaching Unit (TU), composed of activities based on the History of Science (HC), able to promote the construction of scientific thinking in the teaching of atomic theories and chemical elements. The main question was "how to develop scientific thought using Cultural Scientific Literacy to improve understanding of making science?” For this purpose, it has been applied a TU consisting of two Teaching Sequences (TS1 - Scientific thinking built through designs and insights in teaching atomic models and TS2 - teaching and learning about chemical elements through the History of Science) to students in the first grade of high school, of the State School Nilo Peçanha, located in Londrina, northern of state of Paraná, Brazil. The work was founded on an exploratory descriptive nature with qualitative approach, and was developed through field research with teacher-researcher participative intervention. For data collection were used activities consisting of pre and post TU questionnaires, whose responses was used to investigate the existence of evidence of some skills developed in the SL formation process. The analysis of the results revealed the formation of a reformulated vision, more comprehensive and interesting about Science, so characterizing a cultural SL. We also observed that the historical approach was useful to make easier the understanding of scientific thought and contributed to the demystification of Science, in order to change the simplistic conception common to the most people, becoming the making scientific more humanized and close to reality.