Estudo do sistema de medição individualizada de água em uma edificação de múltiplas economias

Abstract

The shortage of drinking water is a subject that has been ruled for some time, with this arose the need to create an ecological awareness, aiming at the rational use of water. In this context, we highlight the waste of water present in places where there is great population density, since the contingent of people is proportional to the volume of water consumed. Multifamily buildings have precisely this profile of concentrating individuals, attesting to the consumption of large volumes of water. In order to reduce its waste and also to institute a fair collection - each user unit paying for what it actually consumes - Federal Law no. 13.312 / 2016 was established, which establishes as mandatory the implementation of an individual water metering system in new buildings, in which each apartment has its respective meter of water consumption (hydrometer). In contrast to the global water metering system - a meter responsible for measuring the consumption of the entire building - SMI relies on charging for what the user actually consumes, for example by reducing the value of water bills . Although such a law is not compulsory for buildings made for the time being, some existing buildings seek to implement such an individual system in order to obtain a more adequate collection of consumption. The objective of this study was to study the individual water metering system in a multiple-economy building already implemented prior to the enactment of the law, seeking to define it and compare it with the overall measurement system, in order to verify the advantages and disadvantages of adequacy to the individual measurement system, as well as to study the system implementation methodologies. The method was based on a case study of a three - floor building located in the municipality of Toledo - PR. The research consisted in the elaboration of a proposal of adaptation for an individual system of measurement of water that adapted to the building. After the proper technical feasibility analysis of the enterprise was made to choose the most adequate measurement system, the method of individual hydrometers located in the pavements was applied, as this was the system that presented less influence and less affected the construction both structural and architecturally. After elaboration and analysis of the proposed model, it was verified that, with soft interventions and adjustments, it is possible to adapt the water measurement system from the global to the individual. Thus, Federal Law No. 13,312 / 2016 was extremely relevant, as it induces a more conscious consumption of water, favoring the environment and, also, providing benefits to both condominium owners, who will have a fair bill of sale, since they are charged by the amount of fact consumed by each one. As for the sanitation companies that, due to the decrease in consumption, will delay or even extinguish the demand for expansion of networks.