Planejamento fatorial do processo de obtenção do óleo essencial de folhas e galhos residual do Eucalyptus viminalis por hidrodestilação

Abstract

Genus Eucalyptus involves different types of species, which are adapted to different climates and soils. It has several uses such as wood, ornaments, essential oil among others. Essential oils are obtained mostly from the stem, leaves, flowers and fruits of plants, their composition can vary with many factors ranging from planting to harvest, and are found mostly terpenes and terpenoids. The major compound of Eucalyptus is 1.8-cineol or eucalyptol. One way to extract the essential oil is by steam distillation, but may be by other methods. Optimize the process of essential oil production, using a factorial design, helps to reduce spending and have become a more efficient methodology also yield essential oil is best. In this study, we used leaves and twigs, residual Eucalyptus viminalis, for essential oil extraction technique using hydrodistillation in Clevenger apparatus, using a factorial design of the order of 24, using the variables that can affect the productivity and efficiency of E. viminalis essential oil on the percentage of eucalyptol. The 19 samples of oil were injected and analyzed in GC / MS. For the results was performed using a statistical program Statgraphics. The aim was to analyze what are the best conditions for the extraction of essential oil of E. viminalis, depending on the two responses, productivity and efficiency. Through statistical analysis it was observed that the biomass and the drying time interfere in productivity and efficiency, respectively. The extraction time is better for higher productivity and lower when it is best for efficiency.