Degradação de corante têxtil através de coluna permeável reativa de ferro metálico

Abstract

The textile industry stands out among the industries that pollute the most due to the generation of liquid waste, which has a high organic load, toxicity and color. When these industrial effluents are introduced into water bodies without any previous treatment, they can cause environmental damages, which are mainly visual pollution and interference in photosynthetic processes. Among the methods used to treat effluents from the textile industries, the most advanced oxidative processes (AOP), which present high efficiency in the degradation of the pollutant, allow the removal of color and lead to the possible mineralization of the same. The present work had the objective of studying the degradation of reactive dye red BF-4B in synthetic effluent via advanced Fenton type oxidative processes, using commercial steel wool as a source of ferrous ions in different proportions of hydrogen peroxide. The Like Fenton process offers low cost advantage and easy operational application. The treatment was carried out in a reactor made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), consisting of a column into which the effluent was pumped with the aid of a peristaltic pump. In order to determine the best type of steel wool, a previous study was carried out with two types of steel wool thickness, in which the behavior in relation to the release of ferrous ions was determined, and the coarse steel straw was determined as the best source. The dye effluent was prepared at a concentration of 50 mg L-1 at pH 3,0. The samples were collected at different times and subjected to color analysis, total phenols and chemical oxygen demand (COD). By means of the analyzes, it was observed that the Fenton- Like process in the Fe2+: H2O2 ratio of [1: 5] removed 79.4% of the coloration in 15 minutes of treatment, while in the Fe2+: H2O2 ratio of [1:10] The color removal was only 11.3% in the same time interval. At the end of the treatment, it was observed that the system in the proportion Fe2+: H2O2 of [1: 5] presented higher efficiency, obtaining removal of 96.6% of color and 85.9% of COD, but there was an increase in Generation of total phenols.