Redução de oscilações de frequência com o uso de carga “dump” em micro centrais elétricas isoladas

Abstract

The usage encouragement of the micro-hydropower plants (MCH) is also related to its construction and maintenance costs. The utilization of the MCH is desirable by its user as by the concessionaire (or electrical system), especially when it is made by small rural consumers, where it helps reducing the company load peak curve. The conventional MCH control operates based on the concept of maximum efficiency, where part of the water which enters into the turbine distributor is rejected to keep the speed controlled. To increase the motivation of the MCH usage, this project stands up for its operation under the concept of maximum power, which means every available primary energy is transformed into electrical energy, while keeping the restricted frequency. This way, the main objective of this proposed work is to evaluate the MCH control scheme type dump load. The expectations are replacing the traditional and costly speed regulator (SR) for a circuit based in power electronics much cheaper, the restriction oscillations frequency with simultaneous power operation and also schedule flexibility with respect to the electric generator, which may be synchronous, induction, permanent magnet or direct current (DC). In other words, the controller besides being generic for any type of generator is adaptive to the amount of primary energy, within a wide operating range.