Ideologia e preconceito: a constituição do discurso político LGBTfóbico

Abstract

This study takes place as part of the Discourse Analysis subject (DA) as it focuses on analyzing the speeches of three Brazilian politicians who are against the implementation of public policies for the LGBT community, aiming to identify the constitution of LGBTphobic speech and the ideological foundations that sustain it. In order to achieve a broad understanding of the subject, literature review was performed, about the complex and controversial historical and dialectical concept of ideology based on Marxism, which was used by this study with some specific reservations pointed by Thompson (2011). To help on the analysis process, some basic categories related to DA were covered presented by Orlandi (2008), such as: Conditions of production, Interdiscourse, Forgetfulness, Paraphrase, Polysemy, Power relations, Meaning Relations, Anticipation and Discourse Formation. Also it was approached a brief historical to the institutions that control the hegemonic discourse about sexuality and non-normative genders, such as religious and medical speeches, pointing up how they sustain relations of power by condemning and pathologizing behaviors that are beyond the socially established pattern. Finally, a critical analysis of three politicians’ enunciations was developed to highlight the ideological bases and strategies hidden in these position against the LGBT population. It has been found the recurrent presence of interdiscourses which take us to the marginalized of LGBT people in society (the Christian-Jewish sin, the medical pathologizing and the regulation of the gender and sexual categories). And it also has been identified the Operating Modes of Ideology conceived by Thompson (2011), such as Legitimacy, Unification Fragmentation and reification, supporting power relations, in which this group is in a dominated position, while the rest of the population, religious and belonging to a traditional family model advocated by these politicians, keeps its privileges and performs the proper maintenance of the political-economic system in the reproduction of existing productive forces.