Poema “Howl” de Allen Ginsberg: a tônica de uma geração e o passo para a contracultura americana

Abstract

In order to analyze and recognize how the poem "Howl" presente in the book Howl, Kaddish and other poems, by Allen Ginsberg, causes, induces, helps to create and it is, in a way, a "document", a hymn of literary movement of its time, the research offered an overview of this movement which is considered one of the most famous American literary revolutions, the Beat Generation. Therefore, through the bibliographic investigations and reviews of several works of scholars of Ginsberg’s work and the Beat Generation as Claudio Willer and Carlos Alberto Messeder Pereira , this reseach will conceptualize American "Counterculture", movement that came after the "Beat Generation", seeking to bring relations between the movements. The research focuses on the US context of the 1950s, when starting the period of economic growth that follows the Second World War. With the increasing and favorable condition of capitalism, several groups and protest movements have also appeared. Among them, the Beat Generation. Finally, “Howl” is recognized as a strong poem that is reread and reinterpreted by the following generations. This research also considers “Howl” as precursor and the greatest poem of the Beat Generation, and one of the greater references of the counterculture and contemporary world literature.