Eficiência da adubação nitrogenada e inoculação em cultivares de feijão

Abstract

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), is a culture of extreme social importance in the country. It is a legume that provides protein cheaply, in addition to essential amino acids and some minerals, especially iron. Its grain presents around 20% of protein, depending on the amount of N applied, requiring high amounts of nitrogen throughout its cycle. This nutrient can be supplied via the application of nitrogen fertilizers, or through symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which is a cheap and sustainable way to provide the nutrient. Thus, several studies are done looking for the best management methods to increase productivity and reduce costs, since the N for the bean crop is of fundamental importance, increasing its components of yield and percentage of protein. The objective of the present work was to analyze the efficiency of 5 doses of nitrogen and the use of inoculant with the bacterium Rhizobium tropici, in four bean genotypes, two in the black group and two in the carioca group, with three replicates. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Pato Branco Campus. The yield components number of pods per plant (NVP), number of grains per pod (NGV), number of grains per plant (NGP), mass of one thousand grains (MMG) and yield of grains (REND) were evaluated. The ANFC 9 genotype was better in productivity (REND) and mass of a thousand grains (MMG). For the NVP, NGV and NGP yield components, the IPR 81 genotype was better. In relation to doses of N, for NVP and NGP, the dose of 80 kg ha-1 was the best, and the dosages of 0 and 20 kg ha-1 were the worst. In the case of inoculant, the presence of the same was not significant for any of the yield components.