Sequência didática na língua espanhola no atendimento educacional ao aluno com deficiência visual: preparação para exames seletivos para acesso ao ensino superior

Abstract

The pedagogical work with visually impaired people (VIP) who intend to enroll in higher education is a very complex task. In this context, the teacher should make efforts in multiple directions to adapt the process of teaching and learning, making it meaningful and thus more effective. This research aims to offer these teachers theoretical and practical subsidies that assist in teaching practice and lead to an increased use of the Braille system and assistive technological and digital resources in the preparation of teaching materials. This core objective unfolds in the following specific objectives: (i) developing linguistic and discursive skills in students with visual impairment that will go through selection processes for entrance into universities; (ii) reflecting on the importance of digital literacy and the use of digital genres as teaching tools, interconnected to the social sphere, as auxiliary of the inclusive process of students; (iii) demonstrating the use of the Internet and digital assistive technologies as aids in the educational process of students with visual impairments. For achieving these goals, in the theoretical basis, there are principles and procedures of the virtual genre theory, on the slope of socio-discursive interactionism, and concepts and procedures inherent to the development of reading comprehension in a foreign language. The proposed activity is made up of a composite didactic sequence of digital news reading and content on Spanish for specific purposes, transcribed into Braille and / or with the use of assistive technologies, to solve the selection process tests. The application resulted in a better content understanding by students, more interest in reading and in the content, making clear the teachers´ need for knowledge, the didactic and pedagogical needs of people with visual impairment (VI) and a didactic and pedagogical approach regarding the development of a proficient student / reader. The study is justified by the scarcity of digitalized Braille materials that meet the need for instrumentalization of Spanish language selective exams, as well as the need to contribute to researches in this area.