Isolamento de fungos a partir de solo com uso intenso de agroquímicos, visando a biorremediação

Abstract

An effective alternative is to reduce the risk areas of agrochemicals, which is not used for the recovery of degraded areas, is a bioremediation, which is fundamental for the use of living substances with the metabolism of organic contaminants in less harmful structures. Thus, this study aimed to isolate fungi from soils with the intensive use of agrochemicals, aiming at a bioremediation of an insecticide. Soil samples from three properties in the city of São Miguel do Iguaçu were studied, which cultivate soybean, corn and wheat, with the help of chemical pest control. In each of the three properties, the soil was collected in three points, each with an area of 1.0 × 0.5 m, with a depth of 20 cm. For the isolation of the fungi, as soil samples were submitted to the technique of dilution and later, inoculated in culture medium and incubated for five days. The identification was made based on the morphological characteristics, up to the gender level. Fungi were tested for their ability to grow in culture medium without the pyrethroid insecticide (Fastac® 100). And the colony diary for five days. Fifteen points were collected, associated to the moment as belonging to the genera Metarhizium, Syncephalis, Paecilomyces, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus. All processes developed in the presence of the insecticide. A3F4 (Penicillium), the highest growth without the medium with the insecticide, showed the highest growth of the insecticidal and insecticidal medium, A1F1 (Metarhizium), A1F2 (unidentified), A2F1 (Paecilomyces) and A3F5 (Aspergillus) as an insecticide bioremediate.