Modelo de decisão para avaliar a viabilidade de disposição em aterro sanitário na modalidade consórcio intermunicipal ou solução municipal individual

Abstract

Solid waste has become a worldwide problem as the population increase and the need to dispose of it. These waste must be disposed of correctly, in Brazil, Federal Law 12,305 prevents the use of landfill or even controlled landfill for disposal, causing municipalities to seek suitable disposal alternatives. This way, it is reached the landfill, which according to the National Environment Policy is the most appropriate disposal method, being a technique that minimizes the impacts caused to the environment and to public health, confining the residues in the smallest area possible with waterproofing of the Soil and waste coverage for each job. Due to the lack of available areas in large centers, the law allows and gives fiscal incentives to the union of these municipalities and extended the horizon for the possibility of the intermunicipal consortium of landfills as an alternative of solid urban waste management that can bring improvements in technical capacity, Managerial and financial management of groups of municipalities. This research aimed to identify environmental aspects, social and economic attributes related to the disposal of municipal solid waste in landfills or intermunicipal consortia through the elaboration of a decision model in Excel software that considers ten factors that reflect on the current situation of the Municipality and consider their future environmental, social and economic needs. Allowing the municipality to analyze all the issues involved in the solid waste disposal model from its construction to its closure and environmental liabilities generated. It should also be considered that the consortium requires greater political articulation and sharing of responsibilities.