Análise multitemporal da cobertura vegetal da zona de amortecimento do Parque Nacional do Iguaçu

Abstract

The conservation units are of great importance for the preservation and conservation of the environment. The Iguaçu National Park is the largest remnant of Atlantic Forest in the Southern Region of Brazil. With the populational and industrial growth the units can to suffer negative effects, therefore the creation of Law of the National System of Conservation Units, proposer a delimitation of damping zones to try to mitigate the impacts that can of affect the protected areas. The objective of this work constitutes the measurements the vegetation cover in the damping zone of the Iguaçu National Park, using images of satellite, Landsat 1 in 1975, Landsat 5 in 1995 and Landsat 8 in 2016. The images and boundaries of vegetation were processed was process by the ArcMap program, version 9.3. The study showed that the damping zone of the park has 3331,449.68 hectares, covering 19 cities, being 17 Brazilians and 2 Argentineans. In the year of 1975 the vegetal cover presented 179,044,04 hectares, as the years went by, in 1995, the vegetal cover corresponded to 121,469.68, the deforestation was approximated of 32,15%, but from this year there was a significant growth of the fragments until 2016, totaling 125,440.09 hectares. In general, the increase of the areas of the vegetation areas and restoration of permanent preservation areas in the most current context, presented an important relation with the local projects and the new federal laws and programs that are in force.