Análise multitemporal e fragilidade ambiental da cidade de Foz do Iguaçu - PR

Abstract

The process of urban expansion accelerated and without an environmental planning, has been causing adverse damages to the environment and society. Aiming to contribute to the minimization and control of environmental problems occurring in urban space, several researches have used multitemporal mappings and environmental fragility as instruments of analysis and monitoring. Considering the importance of these mappings, the present work sought to evaluate the behavior of consolidated urbanization and urban expansion based on multitemporal studies of the years 1985, 1994, 2004 and 2016. The research also made it possible to map the potential fragilities of the urban and periurban area of city of Foz do Iguaçu - PR. To obtain the mapping of environmental fragility, thematic maps of soil, slope, hypsometry and land use and cover were elaborated using the QGIS software. The multitemporal analyzes resulted in the evaluation of the progressive increase of consolidated urbanization and expansion areas, where in 1985 the municipality had a consolidated area of approximately 21 thousand square meters and in 2016, of 64 thousand square meters. The study of the fragility allowed to identify that the areas of high environmental fragility are on the banks of the Paraná River, where there is a predominance of high slopes associated with Argissolos and Neosols. From the surveys of potential fragility, it was possible to map the areas of high, medium and low restriction to the expansion of the urban area. These studies resulted in a new proposal to expand urbanization, located in areas of low and medium restriction and close to the consolidated center, totaling an area of 26.2 thousand square meters.