Estudo fitossociológico do fragmento florestal da UTFPR no município de Medianeira-PR

Abstract

With the intense population growth much of the biodiversity is being extinguished, due to the destruction and fragmentation of natural habitats, leading to the extinction of several species and ending with irreplaceable resources. In this context, due to the high level of anthropogenic disturbances, studies on the phytosociological structure of forest formations are essential, since they provide support for understanding the structure and dynamics of the formations, which are fundamental for the management and regeneration of the different vegetal communities. Therefore, a phytosociological survey of a remnant area of Semideciduous Seasonal Forest was carried out in the urban perimeter of the city of Medianeira-PR, in order to generate subsidies for eventual restoration projects, environmental education, also serving to elaborate the list of species present in this study. For this, in the area of approximately 5,500 m2, plots of approximately 100 m2 each were demarcated to obtain samples from trees with a circumference of 15 cm or greater, measured at the height of the chest (CAP) (1.30 m). A sample of 354 arboreal individuals, identified in 61 species, belonging to 26 families was collected as sample. Among the families found, some of them stand out in relation to the richness of species: Fabaceae (10 species), Meliaceae (5), Moraceae (5) and Lauraceae (4). The five species that presented the largest number of individuals in the total area sampled were Myrocarpus frondosus (28 individuals), Parapiptadenia rigida (23), Tabernaemontana catharinensis (21), Enterolobium contortisiliquum (20) and Guarea kunthiana (19). The diversity index of Shannon-Wiener (H’) was estimated at 3.6. The zoocoric syndrome was the most common (70%), followed by anemocortical (23%) and autochromatic (7%). The high proportion of zoological, non-pioneer, high diversity species and the large number of individuals belonging to the largest diameter class suggest a relatively advanced successional state of this remaining forest after the exploration process, further elucidating the importance of the fragment for biodiversity conservation, which is part of Brazilian natural heritage.