Qualidade da água e índice de parasitoses no Município de Enéas Marques – Paraná

Abstract

Water is an essential good for human life and other living beings, as well as being a primary support to ecosystems, having a direct influence on the health of individuals who consume or are in contact with it. Most of the diseases that affect the population come from water of unsatisfactory quality. However it is known that Brazil is a country with high water development, but the scenario of precariousness in basic sanitation results in a serious public health problem, which contributes in a relevant way to the high rate of parasitic diseases in the country. In this context, the present study aims to verify if the occurrence of parasitosis in the municipality of Enéas Marques, Paraná, is related to the water quality, as well as the hygienic-sanitary perception of the population. For this, water quality data was requested from the Companhia de Saneamento do Paraná and data on the quality of the water from the rural supply to the Sanitary Surveillance Secretariat of the municipality. As for the reports of the parasitological examinations, the same ones were requested to the municipal laboratory of Enéas Marques. Regarding the hygienic-sanitary perception of the population, questionnaires were applied to a portion of the population. Subsequently, a descriptive analysis of the water quality data, the occurrence of parasitosis and the data collected with the application of the questionnaire was performed. The Pearson Linear Correlation test was used at a 5% level of significance to evaluate the possible interactions between the study variables. Analyzing the water quality data, it was possible to conclude that it has characteristics that make it unsuitable for human consumption, in some localities and some months of the studied period. It was verified that the population of the municipality does not seek the health center for parasitological examination, and that of those who sought the percentage of positive tests was low. In this sense it was not possible to verify associations between water quality data and parasite index. With the application of the questionnaire, it was possible to perceive that the population perceives the relationship between water quality and the source of supply, as well as source of supply related to the transmission of diseases by water consumption.