Biorreator controlado por arduino: uma nova proposta para o tratamento de resíduos sólidos orgânicos

Abstract

Currently, the disposal of urban solid waste has become a major problem for society. As cities develop, the amount of waste generated increases and their gravimetric composition becomes more complex. In Brazil, 60% of the waste generated in the cities is organic, with composting being a form of waste treatment. Despite being a very old technique, a small fraction of the Brazilian municipalities destine their organic residues to this type of treatment. Especially because composting demands large areas, labor intensive and time to occur efficiently. The cost of technologies used in composting can limit their design in small and medium-sized cities. Therefore, the purpose of this Course Completion Work is to develop a low-cost and operationally flexible bioreactor, automatically controlled through the Arduino Mega 2560, which manages sensors and actuators to promote the composting of organic waste. The parameters monitored and controlled by the system are water content, temperature and aeration. For this, a programming logic was developed to manage the HL-69, YL-83, DS18B20 sensors and a reservoir level sensor. From the sensor output data the system was programmed to drive a stepper motor and a hydraulic pump, in order to adapt the parameters to their optimum amplitude ranges for composting.