Desempenho de composteira domiciliar confeccionada a partir de materiais reutilizados

Abstract

The solid organical residues, when are directed adequately to the composting process, can prolong the life use of landfills, contributing significatively to the sustentable development. With this affirmation, this work accompanied the development of a domiciliary composter, that was made during this study, using only reutilized materials. The monitoring of the composter consisted in the accomplishment of water content, volatile solids content, temperature and pH analysis, performed at the dependences of the Universidade Técnologica Federal do Paraná – Câmpus Francisco Beltrão. Organical residues from the universitary restaurant and the pruning from the Prefeitura Municipal de Francisco Beltrão were used, following the relation C/N of 2:1. With the intentions of reduce the sample error, there were three samples of the equipment with analysis in triplicate in each one of them. It was realized that the crank placed in the gallon with the objective of aering the material, doesn’t showed up as an efficient procedure. Besides that, it’s recommended that in next studies that the puring be crushed and the materials have a granulometry higher than two centimeters. About the water content, it has iniciate in an adequate band (40-60%), but during the process it got excessively elevated. The puring addition elevated the volatile solids content and also presented a reduction close to 10% at the ending of the process, an inferior value than recommended (40%). However other authors have find a reduction of the volatile solids content inferior than 40% at similar conditions of this study. The pH values were maintained in the band considered ideal to the composting process and the temperature to the three repetitions reached thermophilic bands between the first and the twentieth day of composting. After that, the system lost heat and oscillated between 10 and 20oC until the ending. After 126 days, it was got a matured compost, despite the fact that was not possible to completely control the water content throughout the entire process. So, it’s recommended that in next studies the water content be controlled and the listed materials to the confection of the reactor be evaluated meticulously so the composting process will occur properly.