Ação de agentes de controle sobre de Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Abstract

The bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) perform various activities such as pollination, benefiting agriculture and ensuring the production of fruits and grains, besides the production of honey, royal jelly, beeswax, propolis, pollen and bee venom. The pollination performed by A. mellifera reaches multiple cultures, such as flowers, fruit, fields of corn and soybeans, among others. The application of entomopathogens and natural plytossany products to control insect pests of these crops is common practice in alternative production systems. However, there is few information in the literature about the action of these control agents over bees. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of control agents on A. mellifera. For this, the natural plytossany products Natualho®, Natuneem®, Rotenat®, Pironat®, Bordeaux mixture and entomopathogen Bacillus thuringiensis subesp. Kurstaki (Berliner) (Btk) were evaluated on A. mellifera in two tests. In the first test the products were sprayed at the concentration recommended by the manufacturer on bees. In the second test, the products were added to the Cândi paste this was provided to bees. In both tests 30 workers bees were used per treatment (repetition) in individual glass tubes, for the respective controls we used the spray of sterile distilled water and addition of pure the Cândi paste plus sterile distilled water. The experiments were kept in a climatic chamber (30 ± 2 ° C, RH 70 ± 10% photoperiod of 12 h) and mortality of workers bee assessed by one, two, three, four, five, six, nine, 12, 15, 18, 21 , 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 60, 72 and 96 hours. The dead workers bee were divided randomly selected for removal from the intestine (midgut), and subsequent histological analysis. The midgut, after removal, was fixed in Bouin and prepared for histology as standard procedures. They were evaluated quantitative and qualitative. It was found that the control agents when sprayed and / or provided through food did not affect the longevity of workers of A. mellifera. The histology of the midgut of A. mellifera showed no morphometric changes, no changes in the size of the cells of the villi. The natural phytosanitary products and entomopathogen did not affect the longevity of workers of A. mellifera.