Fauna epiedáfica em ambiente contaminado por chumbo no sudoeste do Paraná

Abstract

When present in heavy concentrations, heavy metals present toxic potential to different life forms, especially to those that have direct contact with contaminated soil, as occurs with epiedaphic fauna. Although these organisms play crucial roles in the soil, studies on the effects caused by the exposure of epigeal fauna to heavy metals are still scarce. In this sense, the objective of this work is to characterize the fauna epiedaphic in soil contaminated by lead, to verify its potential bioindicator and perform the morphotyping of Subclass Collembola. The study area is located in the municipality of Marmeleiro - PR and has been abandoned for more than five years due to the actions taken by the Public Ministry and the Environmental Institute of Paraná due to the high levels of lead found in the soil by the handling and disposal During battery recycling. The study was carried out in December 2016, and the epiedaphic fauna was sampled through the Pitfall-traps method, classified at the taxonomic order level and the results obtained, subjected to multivariate statistical analysis of main components (ACP), analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER). Soil fauna abundance was evaluated by the richness, Shannon diversity (H) and Pielou uniformity (J). In terms of fauna epiedaphic, the statistical models pointed out differences between the contaminated area and the control areas, being that the last one presented greater wealth, H‟ and J' than the area with greater heavy metal concentration. In the case of the springtails, there were no significant differences between the morphotypes of the studied areas, so a more indepth taxonomic classification and chemical analysis in relation to the pH of the soil are indicated for the study of these organisms to verify the influence of this on the fauna.