Métodos de detecção de fungos em sementes florestais nativas

Abstract

Demand for quality forest seed has been growing in recent years. Ecological restoration programs and commercial plantings mainly cause these statistics to continue to rise. The importance of native forest seeds free from phytopathogens is a strategy for the implementation of quality forest plantations. The lack of information about the phytosanitary quality of seeds of native forest species causes dissemination of undesirable diseases. The objective of this work was to determine an efficient method for the identification of pathogens in sanitary test in forest seeds. The treatments consisted of evaluating 11 species, in four tests of seed health, being submitted to two periods, seven and fifteen days. The tests carried out were the filter paper method, filter paper plus disinfestation, culture medium (BDA) and water restriction. For each test, a batch of 200 seeds was used. Each batch was distributed on filter paper moistened with 7ml of sterilized water. Treatments were stored for each specific period (7 and 15 days) in a BOD-type growth chamber at 25 ° C with a 12-hour photoperiod. The evaluations were performed after the specific period, with a stereoscopic microscope, and identification of the growth and reproduction structures of the pathogens present. The experimental design was completely randomized with eight replicates for the eight treatments. The obtained data were submitted to the analysis of means by the Kruskall-Wallis test with a 5% probability of error. It is concluded that the best method for the analyzed seeds was Blotter test with fifteen days of incubation and water restrictor.