Desempenho inicial de espécies arbóreas de diferentes classes sucessionais em um sistema agroflorestal

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the survival and performance of 26 pionner and secondary native forest species at initial development under agroforestry system in Dois Vizinhos, PR. Were planted 554 individuals of 26 species and 16 families in an area of 0.10 hectares. At six month-old of age, the species that stood out in height were açoita-cavalo (Luehea divaricata Mart.) 1.24 m, angico-vermelho (Parapiptadenia rigida Bent. Bren) 1.11 m, fumeiro-bravo (Solanum granuloso-leprosum Dunal) 1.96 m, timbaúva nterolobium contortisiliquum Vell.) 2.00 m, tucaneiro (Citharexylum myrianthum Cham.) with 1.74 m. With 18 months old these species presented height of 2.84; 2.27; 4.35, 3.64 and 3.04 respectively. The worst development was found for the species espinheira-santa (Maytenus muelleri Schwacke), with 0.40 m height, (Araucaria angustifolia Bertol.), 0.77 m tall and erva mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) 0.73 m. The mortality rate was variable according to each species. At 18 months of age, no mortality was observed for açoita-cavalo (Luehea divaricata), canafístula (Peltophorum dubium), timbaúva (Enterolobium contortisiliquum), tucaneiro (Citharexylum myrianthum) and ipê amarelo (Handroanthus chrysotrichus). A total of 7 species were identified, with a maximum percentage of 33.3%: louro-pardo (Cordia trichotoma Vell.) 33.3%, fumeiro-bravo (Solanum granuloso-leprosum Dunal), cedro (Cedrela fissilis Vell.) 35.3%, espinheira-santa (Maytenus muelleri Schwacke.) 61.1%, ervamate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) 28.6%, Guabirobeira (Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg 27.8% and Euterpe edulis (Mart.) 58%. In average, there was 10.6% of mortality in the pioneer group and of 21.9% in the secondary group.