Diagnóstico ambiental das margens do Córrego Lagoa da Santina visando estratégias para plano de recuperação

Abstract

This program conclusion project had the overall objective of making a diagnosis to assess the environmental impacts of urbanization on Permanent Preservation Area of the stream margins of Lagoa da Santina, Dois Vizinhos – PR, thus proposing a Degraded Areas Recovery Plan (PRAD). Aiming to perform this diagnosis, 12 sample plots were allocated (10,0x10,0 m each) in the stream banks, where the level of degradation of urban riparian area was characterized, assessing vegetation, read up trees and regeneration, seeking assess the vegetation structure of the forest. For the chemical and physical analyzes of soil, 3 trenches were allocated in each sample plot, for the the depth of 0-10, 10-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm in order to assess soil degradation levels and levels of nutrients available to plants. Another methodology used was the profile characterization and understanding of environmental and social characteristics of the stream surrounding residents through interviews in the homes of 100 families, bringing them closer to the project, transforming them from degrading agents to mitigating and supervising agents of the project, since they understand that the main benefit will be the society itself. The vegetation diagnosis found that 90.16% of the vegetation were pioneer, characterizing the woods as young, however, it was also found that 57.38% of the sampled tree species are exotic, especially the species Hovenia dulcis and Ligustrum lucidum, proving that the forest has a strong historical degradation and that there is need for intervention to the control of exotic, increasing the area biodiversity. It can also be observed that some species were found in regeneration and were not found within the arboreal species, and 66.67% of the sampled regeneration are zoochoric, it is believed that the contribution of the seeds is derived from the Environmental Preservation Area, fragment spot near to the study area, through the local bird and wildlife.The soil analysis was essential to choose the restoration techniques, due to the fact that it was found different levels of nutrientes and degradation. Finally, the intervention to be performed on the stream banks of Lagoa da Santina is relevant since it was identified many sources of degradation, which reduces the area’s resilience.