Velocidade de infiltração e infiltração acumulada em diferentes sistemas de cultivo

Abstract

The infiltration of water into the soil is the downward movement of water on the surface to its interior. Knowledge of this process is of fundamental importance because it interferes directly responsible for runoff erosion and these in turn by the contamination of river beds, and increased flood peaks. Due to this, the present study aimed to evaluate the infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration of water into the soil by the method Kostiakov (1932), in different types of occupation of the productive system, namely, summer pastures (perennial), reforestation eucalyptus and cover crops. The experiment evaluations were conducted in November 2013 in three areas in the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná campus Dois Vizinhos. The experimental design was completely randomized (CRD) with two replications. The speed of infiltration and infiltration accumulated were determined according to the methodology described by BERNARDO, SOARES AND MANTOVANI, (2006), using the method of infiltrometer ring consisting of two rings concentrically placed on the ground. The rings were filled with water at the same time and with the aid of a ruler, infiltration was accompanied vertical inner ring, starting at time intervals of 0.5 minute. Readings were taken at intervals of no more than three inches of height variation of water depth. The time for performing each reading of 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 60 minutes after the zero moment depending on the speed of infiltration found in soils of different types of parcels , and with repetitions to near stabilization of the rate of infiltration. In the statistical analyzes of the results, we used the statistical software Asistat [marca registrada] with the procedure for comparison of means by the Tukey test at 5% probability. Found that reforestation with eucalyptus obtained the highest cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate , followed by summer pasture and tillage system showing the relationship of infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration with the amount of dry mass of litter and vegetation cover.