Substratos renováveis na produção de mudas de saboeiro (Sapindus saponaria L.) - Sapindaceae

Abstract

Substrates capable of providing the ideal conditions for the development of forest species are increasingly required since they, along with the genetic material used, will guarantee a quality product. Some residues from agroindustries, such as animal manures, have desirable characteristics in the substrates used for seedlings production, however studies are still scarce. This work aimed to determine the appropriate substrate formulation for Sapindus saponaria L. quality seedlings using as a basis renewable products of occurrence in the southwestern region of Paraná. The experiment was carried out at the Research and Extension Teaching Unit - Forest Nursery of the Federal Technological University of Paraná - Campus Dois Vizinhos. Eight handling were elaborated: CA: aviary bed; MC: Coal mill; VE: vermiculite; TS: subsoil land; T1: TS; T2: CA + MC + VE + TS in the ratio 1: 2: 2: 15; T3: CA + MC + VE + TS in the ratio 1: 1: 1: 14; T4: CA + MC + VE + TS in the ratio of 1.5: 1: 1: 13; T5: CA + MC + VE + TS in the ratio 2: 1,1: 1: T6: CA + MC + VE + TS in the ratio 5: 3: 1: 11; T7: CA + MC + VE + TS in ratio 6: 3: 1: 10; T8: CA + MC + VE + TS in the ratio 7: 4: 1: 8. Each treatment had 6 replicates and 10 samples per replicate, totaling 60 samples per handling. The seed dormancy was overcome using 98% sulfuric acid, remaining immersed for 60 min. 290 cm3 tubes were used as containers. The percentage, speed index and mean seed emergence time were evaluated. The relationship between height and neck diameter was determined every 30 days for 2 months. The design was completely randomized (DIC), using the F test to compare the means and the tukey test at 5% probability to indicate the best treatments. From the physiological and morphological analyzes, the best substrate for sapindus saponaria seedlings was the aviary bed associated with charcoal powder, vermiculite and subsoil in the proportion of 1.5: 1: 1: 13, respectively.