Educação ambiental nos anos iniciais: uma proposta com sequência didática

Abstract

The current study had as research goal to present an analysis of the contributions of didactic sequence in science education in the early years of elementary school. The research took place from the following question: "Which contributions, the didactics sequence, can provide for scientific literacy of students in the early years of primary education on environmental issues"? In support, began at guiding education documents discussed in the Brazilian context about the teaching of science (KRASILCHIK, 2000; OVIGLI; BERTUCCI, 2009 BERTUCCI, 2011). We sought to study the proposal of contextualized science teaching in an interdisciplinary perspective, as Frigotto (2008) and FARM (1997). The importance of the teacher's role as mediator of learning of his students, and his contribution to scientific literacy has the focus (LORENZETTI and DELIZOICOV, 2001). The importance of organizational forms of pedagogical work and the didactic sequence, as a teaching strategy, was highlighted (DOLZ, NOVERRRAZ & SCHNEUWLY (2004) and NERY (2007). From a methodological point of view, the study is characterized as a participant and applied observation research. The data analysis approach is qualitative. Since the study aimed the development of a product, it was proposed an interdisciplinary project in science education, Environmental Education in the early years: a proposal by didactic sequence" resulting in a Pedagogical exercise book on recycling process of organic and inorganic material applied to the Science Teaching at early years in elementary school, in order to offer teachers, teaching strategies that comprehend education by interdisciplinary project. The research took place at public municipal institution at Ponta Grossa-PR, involving children 8-9 years old, in the 1st year of the 2nd cycle, series / early years of elementary school. The data were obtained from oral presentations and activities of students, recorded in portfolio, which indicated that this teaching strategy facilitates the student evaluation. The portfolio assists teacher evaluation and leads students to the initiation of scientific literacy. The study showed that the issue may be worked in the classroom, by dynamic and contextualized way, through the use of technology, in addition to being used as reference to the work of various disciplines. The interdisciplinary proposal in the development of instructional sequence alone is not enough to build the scientific knowledge of the students, what makes the difference is the teacher's attitude.